{
  "version": 1,
  "event_id": "evt_917f3bdc9fc15588",
  "url": "https://xiyu.news/events/evt_917f3bdc9fc15588/",
  "json": "https://xiyu.news/api/events/evt_917f3bdc9fc15588.json",
  "type": "protocol_change",
  "status": "resolved",
  "category": "crypto",
  "title": {
    "zh": "比特币首笔抗量子主网交易",
    "en": "Bitcoin's first quantum-resistant mainnet transaction"
  },
  "current_state": {
    "zh": "交易已在主网上确认，但存量资产风险仍待解决。",
    "en": "The transaction is confirmed on mainnet, while legacy-asset exposure remains unresolved."
  },
  "first_seen_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
  "last_updated_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
  "last_material_change_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
  "confidence": 1.0,
  "updates_count": 1,
  "sources_count": 2,
  "entities": [
    "executes",
    "exposed",
    "first",
    "mined",
    "quantum",
    "quantum-resistant",
    "resistant",
    "safe",
    "still",
    "transaction"
  ],
  "identifiers": [],
  "topics": [
    "blockchain-security",
    "cryptography",
    "protocol-milestone",
    "quantum-computing",
    "quantum-resistant",
    "starkware"
  ],
  "updates": [
    {
      "update_id": "upd_a5e13776c91ab26b",
      "event_id": "evt_917f3bdc9fc15588",
      "occurred_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
      "published_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
      "first_seen_at": "2026-08-28T08:00:00+08:00",
      "time_precision": "edition",
      "update_type": "initial",
      "material_change": true,
      "title_zh": "比特币主网挖出首笔抗量子交易。",
      "title_en": "Bitcoin mainnet mined its first quantum-resistant transaction.",
      "what_changed_zh": "比特币主网挖出首笔抗量子交易。",
      "what_changed_en": "Bitcoin mainnet mined its first quantum-resistant transaction.",
      "current_state_zh": "交易已在主网上确认，但存量资产风险仍待解决。",
      "current_state_en": "The transaction is confirmed on mainnet, while legacy-asset exposure remains unresolved.",
      "detailed_summary_zh": "8月26日，比特币主网确认了首笔量子安全交易，该交易使用StarkWare研究员Avihu Levy提出的QSB（Quantum-Safe Bitcoin）方案，并经MARA的Slipstream服务纳入区块964,199。该交易以哈希安全性取代椭圆曲线签名，且无需更改共识规则。\n\n这是首次在实际主网中证明，比特币持有者无需等待协议升级，即可将资金迁移到抗量子的花费条件。但该事件也凸显出约700万枚公钥已暴露的BTC仍处于风险之中，说明更全面的软分叉迁移路径仍有必要。\n\nQSB的原理是反复调整候选交易数据，直到签名哈希符合比特币的验证规则，从而将安全性从椭圆曲线密码学转移到哈希函数逆向难度，据称对Shor算法具有约118比特的抗性。该交易符合共识规则，但不符合节点默认策略，需通过Slipstream直接提交给矿企MARA，成本达数百美元。",
      "detailed_summary_en": "On Aug. 26, Bitcoin confirmed its first quantum-safe mainnet transaction using StarkWare researcher Avihu Levy's Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB) construction, included in block 964,199 via MARA's Slipstream service. The transaction uses hash-based security instead of elliptic-curve signatures and required no consensus change.\n\nThis is the first live demonstration that Bitcoin holders can move funds to quantum-resistant spending conditions today, without waiting for a protocol upgrade. However, it also highlights that roughly 7 million BTC with already-visible public keys remain vulnerable, underscoring the need for a broader soft-fork-based migration path.\n\nQSB works by varying candidate transaction data until the signature hash is valid under Bitcoin's rules, shifting security from elliptic-curve cryptography to hash reversal; the approach offers roughly 118-bit resistance against Shor's algorithm. The transaction is valid under consensus rules but nonstandard under default node policy, so it was submitted directly to miner MARA via Slipstream, with costs in the hundreds of dollars.",
      "background_zh": "",
      "background_en": "",
      "community_discussion_zh": "",
      "community_discussion_en": "",
      "market_impact_zh": "",
      "market_impact_en": "",
      "importance_score": 8.5,
      "references": [],
      "confidence": 1.0,
      "story_ids": [
        "rss:cryptoslate.com_feed_:99c98641f6243c8c",
        "gdelt:article:20260830T160000Z::https://www.aol.com/articles/first-quantum-resistant-bitcoin-transaction-140728000.html"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://cryptoslate.com/bitcoin-now-has-a-quantum-computing-escape-route-but-7-million-btc-may-still-be-exposed/",
          "label": "CryptoSlate",
          "source_type": "rss",
          "official": false
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.aol.com/articles/first-quantum-resistant-bitcoin-transaction-140728000.html",
          "label": "aol.com",
          "source_type": "gdelt",
          "official": false
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}